1. Abnormal sex organs are apparently regularly formed by Mnium medium. 2. An abnormal organ may replace either an antheridium or an archegonium, but is most often found on the border between the ...

Female gametophytes are more challenging to identify in the field and require microscopic examination; archegonia (the female gametangia that produce eggs) are less conspicuous than are antheridia ...

Reproductive organs (antheridia and archegonia) were manually isolated from gametophore apexes under a stereomicroscope using very fine forceps (Dumoxel-biology 5; Electron Microscopy Sciences).