Nucleotides are the combination of a five-carbon sugar, ribose, along with a phosphate group and one of five possible ...

This image illustrates the chemical structures of the five main nucleobases found in DNA and RNA. The pyrimidines, thymine (DNA), uracil (RNA), and cytosine are shown on top while the purines, adenine ...

In RNA, a point mutation can involve the substitution of uracil with another nucleobase, such as cytosine (C) or guanine (G). These mutations can potentially alter the amino acid sequence of the ...

How can just four nitrogenous bases--adenine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil--possibly code for all 20 amino acids? Thus, early researchers quickly determined that the smallest combination of As ...

To pinpoint the location of methyl groups, Ecker and his colleagues process DNA in a way that converts every unmethylated cytosine to a different nucleic acid, uracil. Then, they sequence the DNA in ...

The decoding of information in a cell's DNA into proteins begins with a complex interaction of nucleic acids. Learn how this step inside the nucleus leads to protein synthesis in the cytoplasm.

Adenine and guanine are double-ring molecules called purines, but cytosine, thymine and uracil are all pyrimidines: single rings. To maintain its orderly structure, single rings on one strand can ...