A diffraction grating is an optical component for spectroscopy ... leading to highly resolvable images and efficient reflection. Major applications of this machine’s gratings are Hitachi ...

However, using an atom-thick layer of carbon atoms known as graphene, experts found that even after 100 hours under irradiation of an atom beam, the grating showed no damage and diffraction still ...

The solution was then cast on a holographic diffraction-grating master mould to obtain free-standing silk gratings with a grating pitch of 600 grooves per millimetre, as shown in Fig. 4.

and Λ is the grating period. The efficiency has a well‐defined dependence on polarization. In particular, it is possible to obtain theoretical 100% diffraction efficiency with one linear polarization ...