The nine "planetary boundaries" represent components of the global environment ... scientific understanding of the functioning of the Earth system to identify a "safe operating space" for humanity ...

He studied energy changes from the atmosphere, ocean, land, and ice as climate system components from 2000 to 2019 and compared this to the radiation at the top of the Earth's atmosphere to find ...

They studied eight Earth system boundaries (ESB): climate ... This set of domains was chosen because they encompass the major components of the planet and the processes that support life, which ...

In order to understand the Earth as one system and find effective solutions for global challenges, German Geosciences need to be modernised with Earth System Science as the future operating framework.