The electron, against predictions, appears to be perfectly round, raising questions about one of the fundamental building blocks of the universe. An electron's shape refers to that of the cloud of ...

Today, this model is known as the quantum model or the electron cloud model. The inner orbitals surrounding the atom are spherical but the outer orbitals are much more complicated.

In 1998 scientists Richard Bader and Carlo Gatti proposed a mathematical model, describing the distribution of delocalized electrons in molecules. Now new research is the first to confirm the ...

The electron cloud model shows that electrons are not shared equally in the water molecule. Electrons are a bit more attracted to the oxygen atom than they are to the hydrogen atoms. This makes the ...