An atom consists of a heavy center, called the nucleus, made of particles called protons and neutrons. An atom has lighter ...

The photoelectric effect, first explained in 1905, transformed our understanding of how light interacts with matter. When ...

Atoms are the basis of all the elements in the universe, the building blocks of all visible matter, ... but there is no known element with this many electrons.) How atoms become ionized.

The race to build the first useful quantum computer is on and may revolutionize the world with brand new capabilities, from ...

Electrons, negatively charged subatomic particles that are found in all atoms, are known from our high school physics as the almost massless, excitable particles that move around as a result of ...

Putting unusually large atoms in a box with cold copper sides helped researchers control them for an unprecedented 50 minutes at room-temperature, an improvement necessary for building more powerful q ...

Electrons also only travel in edge states for distances less than a nanometer. Rather than trying to observe these minute conditions, the team tried to scale up edge states by working with atoms.

A condition long considered to be unfavorable to electrical conduction in semiconductor materials may actually be beneficial ...

Physicists directly observed ultracold atoms in an 'edge state,' flowing along a boundary without resistance. The research could help physicists manipulate electrons to flow without friction in ...

Atoms of different elements have different numbers of protons, neutrons and electrons. For example, a hydrogen atom has one proton, one electron and zero neutrons, while uranium has 92 protons, 92 ...

The first energy level in the outer energy level for hydrogen and can only accommodate or “hold” two electrons. Atoms will continue to covalently bond until their outer energy levels are full. At this ...