One of the main challenges in cardiac surgery is effective postoperative analgesia. Erector spinae-plane block (ESP block) is a novel regional technique, introduced by Forero in 2016 for neuropathic ...

Our study demonstrates that the erector spinae plane block is an effective tool for reducing the need for opioids when combined with a multimodal pain management approach that includes ...

and bilateral extensor spinae plane (ESP) block. Design: a prospective, open-label, observational study performed in a tertiary health center. Participants: 30 consecutive patients undergoing off-pump ...

There are two alternative methods for pain relief: Intrathecal opioid injection – injection of a morphine-like drug (opioid) into the spinal fluid at the time of surgery which provides pain relief for ...