When it comes to engines, everyone is always looking for more. More horsepower, more torque, more efficiency. One company has ...

If the flow within the boundary layer is turbulent, the drag increases due to a larger velocity gradient at the wall. Today's commercial airplanes do not show any relevant laminar flow areas during ...

There are two main types of fluid flow - laminar flow, in which the fluid flows smoothly in layers, and turbulent flow, which is characterised by chaotic motion and large amounts of mixing. In this ...

The study of hypersonic boundary layer transition and instability encompasses the complex processes by which a thin, near-wall flow region shifts from a smooth, laminar state to a highly chaotic ...

Laminar Boundary Layer, Boussinesq approach, Large eddy simulation, Spalart-Allmaras model, Stability analysis, Hydrodynamics, Aerodynamics, Physics of fluids.

Physics for sports fans In contrast, having half the ball smoother than the other means that the bowler doesn’t need to create laminar and turbulent boundary layers themselves – instead these will ...

The boundary layer over the front face of a sphere or cylinder is laminar at lower Reynolds numbers, and turbulent at higher Reynolds numbers. When it is laminar (Re < 10^5), separation starts almost ...

In general, the transition from laminar to turbulent flow occurs between Reynolds numbers of 1,700-3,000, but the exact number varies not only between experimental facilities but also between ...

Now the boundary layer can have two states: a smooth and steady "laminar" state, or a time-varying and chaotic "turbulent" state.