The rest of the Ottoman Empire’s elite had to earn their positions ... but after the empire failed to conquer Vienna for a second time in 1683, it began to weaken. Political intrigue within ...

Putting forth Polish cavalry as the best in the world and potraying its role in ending the 300 years of struggle between the Holy Roman Empire and the Ottoman Empire, September Eleven 1683 is the ...

"But the Ottoman Empire saw itself as very much ... decisively after launching their second assault against Vienna in 1683. By the end of the century, they had signed a peace treaty with a ...

Indeed, for some scholars, as Ryan Gingeras reminds us in The Last Days of the Ottoman Empire, the collapse of the empire “began with its defeat before Vienna in 1683”. During the last century ...

At the height of the Ottoman Empire the Sultan-Caliph ruled over one-third of Europe and as late as 1683 Ottoman armies were knocking at the gates of Vienna. It was only in the second half of the ...

The empire’s motto ... and that during the second siege of Vienna in 1683, some 100,000 Hungarian Christians fought on the Ottoman side, as did thousands of Greeks, Armenians, Slavs and ...

Not to mention the Romans or the Greeks. But one empire that sometimes gets forgotten, outside Turkey, is the Ottoman. On the 100th anniversary of its end on November 1 1922, we look at five ...