higher latitudes close latitude Imaginary lines that run east to west around the Earth, ... Polar biomes are areas close to the North and South Pole that have long, cold winters.

The ocean's plankton are the largest biomes on planet ... for these vital planetary processes are found in a few areas of ocean upwelling in lower latitudes, and in particular, in the polar oceans.

The Arctic Ocean biome is changing rapidly, warming at twice the rate of the rest of the world. In turn, multiyear sea ice is thinning and shrinking, upsetting the system’s natural equilibrium.

Before and after. Last year, while fossil-hunting in Antarctica, Gulbranson and his team found the oldest polar forest on record from the southern polar region.They haven't dated that forest ...

"Antarctica preserves an ecologic history of polar biomes that ranges for about 400 million years, which is basically the entirety of plant evolution," said Erik Gulbranson, a paleoecologist at ...