Lauge-Hansen classifications showed 231 of ankle fractures were classified as supination external rotation, 40 fractures were classified as pronation external rotation, 11 were classified as ...

They looked retrospectively at the radiographs of 300 cases, determining that roughly 60% were produced by external rotation, 20% by abduction, 15% by adduction, 3% by vertical loading or ...

The most common biomechanical presentation of the injured limb was characterised by hip flexion, knee flexion, knee valgus, ankle dorsiflexion, pronation and external rotation of the foot. Six of the ...

Introduction. Foot pronation involves multiple joint movements at the rearfoot and midfoot1 and is a natural movement for shock absorption during the early to midstance phase of a gait cycle.2 However ...