Spinal vascular malformations, also known as spinal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), are the result of an abnormal connection between arteries and veins that occurs within the spinal canal or ...

it is possible for the gel-like center of the spinal discs to bulge outwards into the spinal canal. In more severe cases, it can lead to a herniated disc. A herniated disc occurs when a tear in ...