An icon in the shape of a lightning bolt. ... To estimate human trophic level, researchers used food supply data for 176 countries from 1961 to 2009 provided by the Food and Agricultural Organization.

The trophic levels of the fish people eat has fallen, from 2.88 in 1961 to 2.69 in 2009. That’s because fisheries around the world have been catching fewer big predator fish, in part because of ...

We assessed lipid classes, fatty acids, and stable isotope signatures of krill and potential food sources (27 groups, from phytoplankton to lipid-rich copepods) to elucidate seasonal variation of ...

Trend in trophic levels 1961-2009. Graph courtesy of: Bonhommeau et al. Citation: Bonhommeau et al. Eating up the world’s food web and the human trophic level (2013) PNAS. DOI: 10.1073/pnas ...