The rates of complete success with respect to truncal-vein ablation at 5 years were 64.0% with laser ablation, 33.3% with foam sclerotherapy, and 75.9% with surgery.

Varicose Veins: Evaluating Modern Treatments, ... Conventional teaching suggests that the underlying truncal or axial reflux must be treated in order to achieve success with superficial varicosities.

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The truncal veins are needed as vascular graft in cardiovascular surgery. Whereas the lack of suitable autologous replacement material worsens the prognosis.

The truncal veins are needed as vascular graft in cardiovascular surgery. Whereas the lack of suitable autologous replacement material worsens the prognosis.

Truncal reflux. Truncal reflux is the failure of competence of valves in 1 or more of the 3 truncal veins – the great saphenous vein, the small saphenous vein and the anterior accessory saphenous vein ...