Background The prevalence of congenital heart defects (CHD) in Down syndrome (DS) varies considerably across studies (from 16 ...

Background While social support is associated with better cognitive health among cancer-free individuals, this relationship is understudied among cancer survivors. We investigated whether overall ...

Background Preterm birth (PTB) and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) disproportionately affect women who are Black or Asian. Structural racism produces health inequalities. Identifying latent ...

Background Twinning has been associated with many types of birth defects, although previous studies have had inconsistent findings. Many studies lack information about potential confounders, ...

Background Factors that increase the risk of labour market exclusion are poorly understood. In this study, we examined the extent to which all-cause and diagnosis-specific sick leave predict ...

1 Institute on Urban Health Research, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA 2 Department of Society, Human Development and Health, Harvard School of ...

Background and aims Many economic factors are associated with diet, yet the evidence is generally cross-sectional. Older people are considered especially vulnerable to poor diets from negative changes ...

Background Poorer colorectal cancer survival in the UK than in similar countries may be partly due to delays in the care pathway. To address this, cancer waiting time targets were established. We ...

One hundred non-smoking patients attending hospital outpatient clinics reported their degree of passive exposure to tobacco smoke over the preceding three days and provided samples of blood, expired ...

Correspondence to Dr Shanti Narayanasamy, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; shanti.narayanasamy{at}duke.edu Diagnostics for COVID-19 have ...

Correspondence to Dr Ben Armstrong, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK; ben.armstrong{at}lshtm.ac.uk Background It is well known that high ambient ...