The current pathophysiology of COPD encompasses three main characteristics: emphysema, chronic bronchitis and small airway disease. Macrophages and neutrophils are implicated in this process ...

distinguishing it from the emphysematous changes seen with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

So what is an exacerbation of COPD, or exacerbation of chronic bronchitis ... an inflammatory process and mucus plugging of the airways. Inflammation causes fibrosis in the airways and loss ...