In particular, it explains that humans have one fewer chromosome pair in their cells than apes, due to a mutation found in chromosome number 2 that caused two chromosomes to fuse into one.

Human biological sex is determined by the sex chromosomes X and Y. In most cases, females possess two X chromosomes, while males have one X and one Y. However, there is some evidence that the Y ...

Apart from this reduction in chromosome number, meiosis differs from mitosis ... termed the metaphase plate (Figure 2). As the new chromosomes reach the spindle during telophase I, the cytoplasm ...

They analyzed all copy number variations in the 22q11.2 chromosome while participants completed a questionnaire about their cardiovascular, endocrine, urogenital, musculoskeletal, developmental ...